Ubuntu 20.04 port forwarding

 ubuntu port forwarding

vim /etc/default/ufw

==

DEFAULT_FORWARD_POLICY="ACCEPT"

==

設定開啟

vim /etc/ufw/sysctl.conf

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

把 net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 都 uncomment

==

# Uncomment this to allow this host to route packets between interfaces

net/ipv4/ip_forward=1

#net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding=1

#net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding=1

==

編輯規則

vim /etc/ufw/before.rules 

===

-A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp -d 主機IP --dport 1433 -j DNAT --to-destination 目標IP:port

舉例如下：也就是連到192.168.50.1:80，會轉發到61.168.0.212:80

==

*nat

:PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]

-A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp -d 192.168.50.1 --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 61.168.0.212:80

-A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE

COMMIT

===

sudo sysctl -p

==

sudo ufw allow 80/tcp

或

sudo ufw allow from any to any port 80

==

sudo systemctl restart ufw

==

察看與驗證

sudo ufw status

sudo iptables -t nat -L -n -v

監聽封包

tcpdump -i ens3 -c 200 port 80

網卡代號 ens3 

Exchange Online using PowerShell

 2022.10.1起 Excahnge 365 停用

TLS 1.1 及1.0

https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-tw/troubleshoot/azure/active-directory/enable-support-tls-environment?WT.mc_id=Portal-Microsoft_AAD_IAM&tabs=azure-monitor

故相對 Outlook 2010以下皆無法連線，2013可以改用OAuth處理

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Exchange]

"AlwaysUseMSOAuthForAutoDiscover"=dword:00000001

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\15.0\Common]

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\15.0\Common\Identity]

"EnableADAL"=dword:00000001

"Version"=dword:00000001

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Office\16.0\Lync]

"AllowAdalForNonLyncIndependentOfLync"=dword:00000001

使用Powershell遠端連線 改採Exchange Online PowerShell V3

EXO v3

連線方法如下：

1.以管理者模式開啟PS

2.檢查可使用模組

Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name ExchangeOnlineManagement

如果沒有則安裝模組

1	Install-Module -Name ExchangeOnlineManagement -Force

或是升級

1	Update-Module ExchangeOnlineManagement

確認安裝後則可以連線

1 2	#Connect to Exchange Online Connect-ExchangeOnline

連線也可以直接帶帳號

1	Connect-ExchangeOnline -UserPrincipalName aaa@abc.com

Ubuntu 20.04 LibreNMS update PHP 7 to 8

先更新

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

環境PHP

先依照

https://docs.librenms.org/Installation/Install-LibreNMS/#manual-update

安裝PHP套件與升級

apt install software-properties-common
add-apt-repository universe
add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
apt update
apt install acl curl apache2 fping git graphviz imagemagick libapache2-mod-fcgid mariadb-client mariadb-server mtr-tiny nmap php-cli php-curl php-fpm php-gd php-gmp php-json php-mbstring php-mysql php-snmp php-xml php-zip rrdtool snmp snmpd whois python3-pymysql python3-dotenv python3-redis python3-setuptools python3-systemd python3-pip

安裝 PHP dependencies

su - librenms
./scripts/composer_wrapper.php install --no-dev
exit

設定Set timezone 

PHP 時區參考

https://www.php.net/manual/en/timezones.asia.php

Asia/Taipei

vi /etc/php/8.1/fpm/php.ini
vi /etc/php/8.1/cli/php.ini

設定OS系統時間一致

timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Taipei

跳過Mysql

設定 PHP-FPM

cp /etc/php/8.1/fpm/pool.d/www.conf /etc/php/8.1/fpm/pool.d/librenms.conf
vi /etc/php/8.1/fpm/pool.d/librenms.conf

Change [www] to [librenms]:

[librenms]

Change user and group to "librenms":

user = librenms
group = librenms

Change listen to a unique name:

listen = /run/php-fpm-librenms.sock

接下來跳過到

Cron job

cp /opt/librenms/librenms.nonroot.cron /etc/cron.d/librenms

這裡會有個錯誤須進入修改，與畫面一致(去cd )

vi /etc/cron.d/librenms

之後停用php7.x-fpm

systemctl disable php7.4-fpm.service

啟用php8套件

a2dissite 000-default a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif rewrite a2ensite librenms.conf systemctl restart apache2 systemctl restart php8.1-fpm

檢測與更新

sudo su - librenms ./validate.php

./daily.sh

如果遇到以下錯誤，查看log為cronjob錯誤，如前圖修正：

No active polling method detected

vi /etc/cron.d/librenms

參考文獻

https://docs.librenms.org/Installation/Install-LibreNMS/#manual-update

https://community.librenms.org/t/issue-with-new-instalation/19332/6

LibreNMS Unifi controller 圖表相關解釋 snmp

在LibreNMS 看到相關圖表的量詞解釋筆記

網站翻了一堆討論，記下來處理

Wireless Clients 

連線數有分為NG和NA

分別對應Wifi 兩個頻段

2.4 Ghz radio = NG

5Ghz radio = AC = NA

SSID ：WIFI SSID 連線數

cur：現在使用連線數

Min：最小連線數

Max：最大

Min&Max 區間為圖表設定的時間區間，圖中為24Hr

--

TX Power(發射功率)

無線基地台的訊號發射功率

如果環境是單台AP 則可以到18dBm 以上

如果是多台的環境，建議設定如下

12-14 dBm for 2.4 GHz 

18-20 for 5 GHz 

-------------

utilization (%) 頻道利用率

一樣分為2.4G(NG) 和5G(NA)

這張表主要是表達在各自頻道中，同樣的通道中訊號利用率

Other 代表非自己裝置(AP)的訊號使用，也就是雜訊，雜訊過高待表需要調整頻道或是規避減少

如圖所示 2.4G (NG)頻段干擾相當高

Total Util ：所有使用率

Self RX：Client 連線進 AP 的下載率

Self TX：Client 連線進 AP 的上傳率

Other BBS Util：其他的利用率

#注意：這不等於頻寬的換算RX/TX是訊號發送率必定大於實際頻寬使用

AP TX Rate -----> STA (CPE) RX Rate = Download (from the STA/CPE perspective)

AP RX Tate <----- STA (CPE) TX Rate = Uplodad (from the STA/CPE perspective)

另外一個問題在於，如果同時段連線書低而RX&TX居高不下，

則代表SSID設定的連線可能有錯誤導致裝置不停的連線

參考文獻

https://community.ui.com/questions/WiFi-clients-loose-randomly-network-connection/7df080fd-4c60-4829-80e3-0a1ff78b8213

https://community.ui.com/questions/what-does-transmit-power-means-and-what-is-the-best/cddd0320-92bf-4936-9e3d-8c4e7d44a6cb

https://community.ui.com/questions/Access-Point-Channel-Utilization/92421630-2139-4c47-9f88-ddcd069778a4

https://community.ubnt.com/t5/The-Lounge/What-is-the-TX-RX-Rate/td-p/1586208

https://community.ubnt.com/t5/airMAX-General-Discussion/Difference-between-TX-RX-Rate-and-Actual-Throughput/td-p/296734

Epson L300 集墨 重新設定

笑死，N年前設定過後自己就忘了

還是要乖乖做筆記

網路上找到L500 (可選L300)

Adjprog

載點

How to Reset Epson L300 Printer:

1. Turn on the printer and connect the USB cable
2. Download Resetter Epson L300
3. Extract file
4. Open AdjProg.exe – Accept
5. Particular adjustment mode
6. Waste ink pad counter – OK
7. Give checkbox Main Pad Counter and Platen Pad Counter
8. Click Check – OK
9. Click Initialization – OK
10. Finish and then close the adjustment program.
11. Turn off your printer and then turn on again.
12. Done. ENJOY 🙂

CentOS 安裝Mysql 4.0筆記

 Cent7 checkinstall 需要改參數安裝，先放置

https://lbbxsxlz.github.io/2020/10/13/checkinstall-centos/

ubuntu 20 套件更新不支援 也須從下拉起

echo '/* Linuxthreads */' >> /usr/include/pthread.h

套件

yum install make cmake gcc kernel-devel

 

checkinstall

yum -y install wget gcc* make cmake libtool* openssl* pcre* ncurses ncurses-devel curses-devel libxml* bzip2 bzip2-libs bzip2-devel curl-devel curl expat-devel expat gdbm gdbm-devel libjpeg* libpng* libtiff* freetype* freetype imap imap-devel krb5-devel libmcrypt* libmhash-devel mhash* flex icu libicu libicu-devel libc libcu-devel libc-client-devel zlib-devel zlib libtiff-devel libtiff gd* pcre-devel pcre gdbm* pam-devel patch libcurl libcurl-devel libvpx libvpx-devel libXpm libXpm-devel t1lib t1lib-devel gmp-devel openldap-devel readline-devel libedit-devel libtidy libtidy-devel libxslt libxslt-devel db4-devel ibc-client uw-imap-devel uw-imap uw-imap-static libc-client-2007f wget vim

yum install compat

安裝

目錄/var/lib/mysql

設定

# Preconfiguration setup

 groupadd mysql

 useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

# Beginning of source-build specific instructions

tar zxvf mysql-VERSION.tar.gz

cd mysql-VERSION

mkdir bld

cd bld

cmake ..

make

make install

# End of source-build specific instructions

# Postinstallation setup

 cd /usr/local/mysql

 mkdir mysql-files

 chown mysql:mysql mysql-files

 chmod 750 mysql-files

 bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

 bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

 bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

# Next command is optional

 cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

Proxmox VM 移除

 Proxmox VM 移除

原因：NFS等空間清除，但VM沒有移除，故無法刪除

先確認空間已無占用，無法連結

方法一：將硬體設定檔內 相關的硬體移除(CD-ROM、Disk)

若這樣依然無法移除，檢查是否有快照

快照無法用此方式移除，故須SSH進入主機節點，移除設定檔

位置

XXX=VMID 

方法：rm -f /etc/pve/nodes/*/*/XXX.conf

EX:rm -f /etc/pve/nodes/*/*/1024.conf